School Bullying Bystander Power Essay - 2572 Words

School Bullying: Bystander Power Frequently in our society, the news includes another tragic story of a bully victim committing suicide or striking out. Hailee in Nevada, Tyler in Georgia and Bart in Connecticut were all bullied to a tragic end. These are only three examples of the many news stories of children who committed suicide because we have yet to identify the solution to stop bullying. We all should agree, incidents like this should never occur. Additionally, no one knows how many children are considering suicide at this very moment. The psychological and physical toll the stress of being bullied has may not be as widely reported as the suicides, but it impacts numerous children daily. School bullying prevention programs cannot continue to primarily focus on punishments and counseling for bullies and victims. First, we must acknowledge the importance of bystander influence. Then as an integral part of the solution to bullying, we must educate bystanders regarding th eir impact and how to take appropriate action. Bullying: The Current State The statistics on bullying are alarming with 25% of students being bullied, 8% staying home to avoid being bullied and greater than 40% report fear of being bullied (STOMP Out Bullyingâ„ ¢, 2016). We are punishing the bullies and supporting the victims to no avail. Despite the national focus on bullying, the problem continues and appears on the rise with the introduction of cyberbullying. â€Å"PACER†, â€Å"Stop Bullying†,Show MoreRelatedBullying in Schools Today839 Words   |  3 Pagesthink of bullying they think of the big guy picking on the little guy, but in most cases the victim is a bully themselves. Bullying will not go away all together, but determining if the situation is actually bullying or not, and standing up to the bully is a great start to decrease bullying in schools today. Drama sometimes is difficult to differ from bullying, and it is important to understand the difference. (1b: SV, and SV.) Bystanders need to become involved to start the end of bullying. Also,Read MoreDaniel Briggs s Life At The Young Age Of 16 Essay1341 Words   |  6 Pagessoft spot for helping others. His interests included hunting and trapping, however, this was not popular where he lived. The bullying began when he was young and it carried on into high school. Once he had reached high school, it escalated. Daniel had difficulty finding friends who had common interests with him and ultimately made him a target for bullying. The bullying began with words then progressed to physical forms. such as having trash thrown at him, punched in the stomach, jumped from behindRead MoreAnti Bullying Programs And Schools1302 Words   |  6 Pagesincreased stress on schools to recognize bullying an issue. Some schools are implementing anti-bullying programs and schools are hoping the programs will be effective. Schools, teachers, staff, students and parents need to realize that bullying is not going to go away over night, but each program students learn will help them become more accepting and empathetic. Anti-bullying programs are effective in schools and give students lessons they will reference to their whole lives. Bullying in the United StatesRead MoreLiterature Review: Behavioural Responses of Student Bystanders in Situations of Bullying970 Words   |  4 PagesBullying, a form of aggression, can be experienced in several forms: physical, verbal, social or cyber. All bullying is composed of three specific concepts—causing their victims harm, possessing greater power than their victims and repetition (Oh Hazler, 2009). Most often it is just the bully and a victim taken into consideration yet this fails to identify a key influence: bystanders. It is their impact on bullying that creates serious problems thus understanding the bystander’s role is vitalRead MoreLiterature Review: Behavioural Responses of Student Bystanders in Situations of Bullying1102 Words   |  5 PagesBullying is a serious occurrence that is plaguing youth all over the globe. Bullying, a form of aggression, can be experienced in four forms: physical, verbal, social or cyber (Oh Hazler, 2009; Trach, Hymel, Waterhouse Neale, 2010). However, all bullying is composed of three specific concepts—causing their victims harm, possessing greater power then their victims and repetition (Oh Hazler, 2009). Read into the definition of â€Å"bullying† and one would simply identify a bully and a victim yetRead MoreBullying : A Child s Worst Nightmare868 Words   |  4 PagesBullying. A child s worst nightmare; it is a terrible and recurring sight in society. All children can handle this differently. The causes of bullying are normally related to how a child is raised or just on his/her mental status. Bullying has negative effects on everyone involved; the bully, the victim, and even the bystanders. The prevention or stopping of bullying is necessary for society. By having a clear understanding of the causes and effects of bullying it will guide people to stopping orRead MoreThe Bullies And Victims Article Focus On The Problems Of Bullying1750 Words   |  7 PagesThe Bullies and v ictims article focus on the problems of bullying in the United Kingdom. Bullying is not just a problem in the United Kingdom; it’s a serious issue throughout the world. When analyzing the incidences that occurred with Mark, Sarah, Theresa, Simon, and Debbie, these attacks were alarming since they were vicious where some of the victims suffered an injury from being physically assaulted. The brutality of these attacks deserves punishment since the bullies used physical aggression andRead MoreCyber Bullying And Its Effects On Its Victims1651 Words   |  7 Pagesadvances that are creating, changing and shifting the individuals who live in it, especially cyber bullying. With the rise in the use of technology, digital culture and anonymity, cyber bullying has become a prominent issue that can have negative psychological effects on its victims through the power of these technological advances. This new 21st century term is derived from standard physical bullying has become a promi nent and revolving issue as cellphone, texting and social media sites take awayRead MoreA Brief Note On Cyberbullying And Other Types Of Traditional Bullying1138 Words   |  5 Pagestraditional bullying. According to Nansel (2001) and Olweus (1993), bullying is characterized by intentional behavior that is meant to cause pain, both physical and emotional, to another person due to an imbalance of social or physical power. There are two forms of traditional bullying: direct and indirect. Direct bullying is characterized by physical attacks, such as hitting and kicking; it is also characterized by non-physical attacks, such as teasing. The characteristics of indirect bullying are lessRead MoreBullying Is A Serious Social Problem911 Words   |  4 PagesBullying is a serious social problem that happens in schools between adolescents. Bullying is not taken seriously and often dismissed. The perpetrator and the victim are expected to work out the situation on their own. There are m any forms of bullying such as physical, verbal, social, and cyber. The perpetrators can have a negative effect on the victim for many years and possibly even life. Despite numerous â€Å"anti-bullying† advertisements and campaigns, bullying is an important social issue that occurs

Are Deaf or Hearing Impaired People More Susceptible to Mental Illnesses Free Essays

American Sign Language Are deaf or hard of hearing people more susceptible to mental illnesses? The ability to communicate is at the heart of good mental health. Within any large group of people, one may expect to find a smaller group with mental health issues. However, in addition to conquering the difficulties associated with the inability to effectively communicate, individuals in the deaf community must also attempt to find mental health facilities that can accommodate their special circumstances. We will write a custom essay sample on Are Deaf or Hearing Impaired People More Susceptible to Mental Illnesses? or any similar topic only for you Order Now With all the challenges that face these individuals, it would come to no surprise to learn whether they are more prone to mental health problems than hearing individuals. First, any diagnoses of any mental health issue in the United States comes from one book, the DSM IV- the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Version IV. This bible of the mental health field is separated into five sections, though the first two are most prevalent in the studies to follow. The first section is Axis I, listing and describing the Clinical disorders including major mental disorders and learning disorders, such as depression, schizophrenia, ADHD, and bipolar disorder. Axis II lists Personality disorders such as paranoid personality disorder and dependent personality disorder, and mental retardation. In diagnosing children with sensory problems it is important to remember that early onset of significant hearing impairment can have a profound effect on the child’s development, with adverse consequences for mental health, both in childhood and adult life. 0% of deaf children born to hearing parents risk developmental delays in language and vocabulary, resulting in consequences in emotional, psychological, and educational growth (du Feu, 2003). In the past, these consequences manifested themselves in lower expectations for deaf children, and difficulties in teaching them led to the absence of correctly diagnosing mild learning disabilities, attention de ficit disorder, and even autism. The children’s behaviors were instead attributed to their deafness. As a result, deaf children have an increased prevalence of mental health problems, 45-50% ersus an average of 25% for the general population. Interestingly enough, deaf children from deaf families do not show this increased level of mental health problems (du Feu, 2003). Because hearing loss so readily interferes with the acquisition of vocabulary, the mean English literacy of deaf high school graduates is at the 4. 5 grade level. (Reed, 2006) To compound this problem, a great many deaf people are not fluent in American Sign Language either, leaving the individual with a gross inability to communicate in general. Or, assuming the deaf person knows at least some ASL, written sentences may be choppy, incomplete, written in ASL syntax versus English grammar, and therefore may be misleading to the physician. Many mental help providers mistake normal language and communication issues for developmental delays, mental illness or mental retardation. However, misdiagnosing a non-fluent deaf person as psychotic is just as prevalent as mistaking psychosis as merely poor communication. The fear of being misdiagnosed due to language and cultural differences is one reason why deaf people may be reluctant to seek treatment for a mental health problem. Early studies found that schizophrenia was more common in deaf individuals than hearing people; however, the redirection of diagnoses from schizophrenia to adjustment disorders and organic problems occurred as the diagnostic process became more accurate and clearly defined (Black, 2006). In addition, deaf people are far less likely to be diagnosed with psychotic diagnoses if they are served in a deaf psychiatric program versus the mainstream population; understandably, those specific deaf psychiatric programs are not always readily available in the individual’s vicinity. Another reason deaf people may hesitate to seek treatment for mental disorders is the lack of providers who have knowledge of ASL and how it differs from English as well as the basics about deaf education and development (Pollard, 2010). Mental health providers must also learn deaf culture to differentiate what can be considered normal behavior in a deaf patient. For instance, a deaf person may stomp loudly on the floor to gain one’s attention; behavior that would be considered aggressive by hearing tandards but accepted as quite normal in a deaf community. Deaf people are also very animated in their â€Å"talk†, relying on vivid display of expression and strong emotion to convey their feelings. These theatrics which are a normal part of ASL and deaf language are considered unnecessary in the general hearing public. Energetic signing may make people appear to be excitable or aggressive. Deaf people’s eye contact, use of personal space and way of touching others t o gain attention may all be misinterpreted as they can appear direct or intrusive. du Feu, 20063) Clinicians often labeled rapid signing as a symptom of psychotic behavior rather than the change of mood that was actually indicated by the patient. (Reed, 2006) Deaf patients were more often misunderstood than correctly diagnosed, leading to unnecessary and sometimes potentially harmful treatment and even detainment. â€Å"If I can’t trust my local mental health center to offer me someone who’s competent to deal with me, why should I go? † (Pollard, 2010) More recent studies, though admittedly not â€Å"experts† in completely understanding the deaf culture and language, have had more reliable results in the prevalence of mental disorders among the deaf. The frequency of mental illness among deaf people is at least as high as in the population at large. (Mueller, 2006) Findings also reveal the rate of Axis I disorders (depression, psychotic disorders) does not differ between hearing and deaf populations, including schizophrenia, but Axis II (personality disorders, mental retardation) and childhood behavior problems are three to six times more prevalent for deaf persons. The high rate of personality disorders may be related to attachment difficulties in some hearing families with deaf children. Deaf children and adolescents exhibit higher levels of behavioral and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders than the general population. (Haskins, 2000) Posttraumatic stress disorder is noted as being the most common diagnosis found in the deaf community. (Mueller, 2006) Deaf patients are also less likely to be diagnosed with psychotic or substance abuse disorder and more likely to be diagnosed with a mood, anxiety, or developmental disorder than members of the hearing population. However, providers still have limited knowledge of deafness or deaf culture which continues to seriously impact the ability to accurately assess and/or diagnose. (Mueller, 2006) While the hearing population can open a phone book and choose one of many, many providers to seek treatment for their problems, the deaf community has very little options. Aside from the difficult task of finding a signing counselor, one may allow an interpreter to accompany in the in the intensely personal session; that may also prove uncomfortable for the deaf patient and the interpreter, and it may skew the relationship with the clinician. In the past, therapists believed deaf people showed a low incidence of depression; in reality, it is more likely that the deaf just choose not to seek help. In addition to the challenges presented in childhood and adulthood for deaf patients, they must continue on their journey into retirement and beyond, frequently becoming more and more isolated as medical conditions start to accumulate with old age. Few residential or nursing homes or psychogeriatric services have experience with deaf people who sign. In conclusion, I’ve proven my theory that deaf people are more susceptible to some mental health issues due to the obstacles faced everyday with communicating with others. Correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment, however, are both difficult steps to the rehabilitation process. In research for this project, I learned of a 28 year old deaf woman who was born to hearing parents. The parents were advised early on not to learn to sign, and to discourage her from learning as well. Instead, they tried to have an instructor teach her the oral method, at least initially. Extremely unhappy, the girl developed behavior problems in childhood that increased in adolescence and carried over to early adulthood. She tried to socialize at the local deaf club but only knew a little ASL. She was barely literate, unable to hold a job or have a satisfying life. Upon eventual hospitalization, she was hostile and withdrawn. Frustrated at being unable to communicate with her, the woman’s parents asked the intake person to sign to the woman that they loved her. The woman signed the bitter response that she had wasted her entire childhood trying to learn to speak and her parents had not spent a single hour learning to sign. (du Feu, 2003) Ignorance isn’t always bliss. Bibliography Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, Margaret du Feu, 2003, volume 9, pp95-103 Deaf People: Mental Illness; Mental Illness in the Deaf Community: Increasing Awareness and Identifying Needs, Sandra Mueller, 2006, www. lifeprint. com Serving and Assessing Deaf Patients; Implications for Psychiatry, B. Haskins, Psychiatric Times, December 2000, volume XVII, Issue 12 Demographics, Psychiatric Diagnoses, and Other Characteristics of North American Deaf and Hard of Hearing Inpatients, Patricia Black, Riverview Psychiatric Center, jdsde. oxfordjournals. org Interview with Robert Pollard, Ph. D. , Professor of Psychiatry at University of Rochester and director of Deaf Wellness Center, 2010, www. healthbridges. info Mental Health Issues in the Deaf Community, Kimberly Reed, About. com guide 2006 bipolar. about. com/od/socialissues/a/000425_deaf. htm How to cite Are Deaf or Hearing Impaired People More Susceptible to Mental Illnesses?, Essays

The Transition to Industry Maturity free essay sample

Chapter 11 (The Transition to Industry Maturity) Maturity is the condition, that the market has no future and become dead market in several year or time. The signal for this conditions are slowing industry growth reflecting more competition for market share, firms in the industry increasingly are selling to experienced repeat buyers, the competition is more cost or service oriented.Problem in adding industry capacity and personel, The change of Manufacturing, marketing, distributing, selling and research method, New products and applications are harder to come by, International competition increase, Industry profit often fall, Dealers’ margin fall, but their power increases. Some Strategic Implications Transition The changes that often accompany transition to maturity represent possible changes in the basic structure of the industry. Each major element of industry structure often is changing: overall mobility barriers, the relative significance of various barriers, the intensi ty of rivalry (it usually increases).Structural change nearly always means that firms must respond strategically. We will write a custom essay sample on The Transition to Industry Maturity or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There are several issues that companies should consider, such as the dilemma in choosing strategic choice, cost analysis to rationalize the product mix and correct the price, manufacturing design and process innovation, stealing customers from existing companies, cheap assets procurement, buyer selection with low bargaining power, different cost curve, and international competition. Strategic Pitfalls in TransitionIf the company failed to apply the strategy, the company will felt down and there is some sign and characteristics the failed company: * A companys self-perceptions and its perception of the industry. * Caught in the middle * The cash trap investments to build share in a mature market * Giving up market share too easily in favor of short-run profits * Resentment and irrational reaction to price competition (we will not compete on price) * Overemphasis on creative, new products rather than improving and aggressively selling existing ones * Clinging to higher quality as an excuse for not meeting ggressive pricing and marketing moves of competitors. * Overhanging excess capacity. Organizational Implications of Maturity In the maturity stage, the growth, the glamour, the excitement, the will to be pioneer and unique are no more. This creates problems for management in order to scale down its expectation for financial performance and advancement, to recentralize, to give more attention on human dimension, and to discipline the organization.This condition raises a number of extremely difficult problems for general management and the strategy to faces this situation are : * Scaled down expectations for financial performance * More discipline from the organization. * Scaled-down expectations for advancement. * More attention on the human dimension. * Recentralization. Industry Transition and the General Manager The atmosphere of the company may well change in ways the general manager may find undesirable. He or she cannot provide as much opportunity and advancement for personnel and organization. So he or she needs a much time to overcome this problem.

Building a Computer essays

Building a Computer essays The building of a computer is an easy task, after buying all the correct hardware and software. A computer is a very intricate machine, so you must be careful when handling the various parts. When building your computer, make sure you are grounded from electricity, on a sturdy table or bench, and with an accessible power source. First, start by unscrewing all the screws on your case that hold the base of your case to your cover. The case may be a little stuck but ease it out with a screwdriver or thumbs. If power supply came with your box, you can skip this step otherwise you will need to install it. Depending on the size of box you purchased you may want to leave the power supply out of your box until you have finished installing all of the hardware that might be hard to reach. Installing the power supply should be as easy as screwing it into the back of your box. The next step is to install your processor according to the directions of both your motherboard and processor. In the directions for your motherboard, it will show you how to set all switches and jumpers. Then install CPU Fan or heat sink, so you will not destroy your board on its boot up. Being very careful, you will install your motherboard. Match the holes on the back of your case to the appropriate place on your motherboard. You want to put in standoffs, which will keep your motherboard from touching the case. After the standoffs are ready, simply screw the motherboard onto your box. Be careful and do not screw them in too tightly! After the motherboard is in, the rest is easy. Install memory in to the slots shown on the motherboards instructions. Follow this step by install video card. The different cards that you can connect to a computer are stubborn to get in and get out. You must use pressure, but not too much, because you can crack the card or break the motherboard. ...

Definition and Tips for Business Writing Best Practices

Definition and Tips for Business Writing Best Practices Business writing is a  professional communication tool (also known as  business communication or  professional writing) corporations and other professional entities use to communicate with either an internal or external audience. Memorandums,  reports,  proposals,  emails, and a variety of other business-related written materials are all forms of business writing. Tips for Effective Business Writing The purpose of business writing is a transactional one. Of course, the content of business writing relates to a business entity but it also relates to a specific and purposeful transaction between the writer and his or her audience. According to Brant W. Knapp, author of A Project Managers Guide to Passing the Project Management Exam, the best business writing can be understood clearly when read quickly. The message should be well planned, simple, clear, and direct. Fast Facts: Basic Business Writing Goals To Convey Information: Forms of business communication, such as research reports or policy memos, are written to disseminate knowledge.Delivers News: Professional writing is often used to share recent events and accomplishments with both internal and external audiences. Call to Action: Business professionals use writing in an attempt to influence others for numerous reasons from selling merchandise to passing legislature.Explains or justifies an Action: Professional communication allows a business entity to explain their beliefs or to justify their actions. The following tips, adapted from Oxford Living Dictionaries,  form a good foundation for business writing best practices. Put your main points first. State exactly why youre writing the correspondence upfront. One exception to this rule is for sales letters. Reminding the recipient of a past meeting or a common connection you share is an acceptable way to open as it may influence the recipient to be more amenable to your intended aims.Use everyday words. Using words such as about rather than concerning, expect rather than anticipate, and part instead of component will make your writing less stilted.Know your audience. Unless its aimed at an industry-specific audience, dont fill your writing with lots of technical jargon. (Specifics can be attached separately.) Adjust your tone to suit your intended reader. For instance, a letter of complaint would have a far different tone than a letter of reference. Finally- this should go without saying- never use derogatory or sexist language, and actively work to  eliminate gender-biased language from any form of business communication.Use contractions when possib le. Business writing has undergone a shift from formal to a more accessible style so using we’re not we are, and we’ve not we have  is the way to go. Even so, you dont always have to use a contraction. A good rule of thumb is that if a contraction improves the sentence flow use it; if the sentence is more persuasive without it, use two words. Use active rather than passive verbs. Active verbs allow the reader to comprehend quickly and to understand more completely. For example, The decision has implemented to suspend production, leaves the interpretation of who made the decision to call it quits open. On the other hand, the meaning of, Weve decided to suspend production, is clear.Write tight. Again, using the example above, choosing the word decided rather than made the decision makes reading easier for the audience.Don’t be a slave to rules in every situation. Again, this is a case of knowing your audience. If your aim is to make your writing conversational, its fine to end a sentence with a preposition now and then, especially to improve flow and avoid awkward construction. That said, while many businesses have their own in-house style guides, elementary rules for style and grammar must be observed for your writing- and you- to be considered professional. Sloppy writing, poor word choices, or an unearned overly f amiliar attitude can come back to haunt you. Keep your font choices simple. Stick to a nice, clean type style such as Helvetica or Times New Roman and limit the number of fonts you use in correspondence. Your goal is something that legible and easy to read.Dont overuse visuals. According to sources at Technical Business Writing, Graphic displays should make up no more than 10 to 25 percent of the business writing. Too many graphics become confusing and often detract from the message you want to convey. A few, powerful, well-placed graphics will accomplish more to get your point across than something that looks like a bad attempt at scrapbooking.

The Big Data Challenges Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Big Data Challenges - Case Study Example Additionally, Volvo also required a system that could deliver timely reports that are easier to recognize with the intention that Volvo managers and analysts could put together more effective and influential business scenarios for their proposals. In order to deal with these challenges Volvo Car Corporation decided to acquire and implement a Microsoft based data management solution. The basic purpose of implementing this solution was to make simpler its IT infrastructure, offer graphical self-service reporting functionalities, and enhance cooperation among other business employees (Microsoft Corporation, 2012; Business Cloud, 2010). This solution is based on Microsoft SQL Server 2012 Business Intelligence data management software and a wide variety of other BI tools and technologies such as Microsoft Office 2010 and Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010. The company decided to implement this cloud based solution for the reason that cloud computing offers a number of advantages. In fact, t he implementation of a cloud computing based infrastructure will allow business employees to get access to and make use of IT services that are very useful to them that they would otherwise have to develop and implement themselves. The implementation of cloud based infrastructure will also allow firm to go global for the reason that any of their existing or newly opened offices wherever in the globe can straight away take advantage of their IT environment and can make use of their latest services. In this scenario, they would not have to wait for the company’s endeavors for developing and implementing IT environment or to pipe it into their network; on the other hand they can start making use of it immediately. The implementation of cloud computing environment allows the business organizations to continue to be improved in due course, in this scenario, Volvo Car Corporation is expecting to a greater extent coming their way, and they can just take benefit of these opportunitie s (Microsoft Corporation, 2012; Business Cloud, 2010). One of the biggest reasons for deciding to choose products from Microsoft Corporation is that Microsoft products provide an excellent support for working in cooperation and collaboration. Additionally, Volvo Car Corporation is also going to implement the latest Power View feature in SQL Server 2012 Reporting Services. Basically, this is a self-service reporting tool that facilitates the users of data to deeply study and investigate their data themselves and get answers of informal queries without much effort. In addition, this tool provides the users with drag-and-drop graphical data displays and data-querying which are equally helpful for both skilled as well as nontechnical users. It is expected that this cloud based infrastructure will bring about an uncomplicated IT infrastructure as well as enhanced business efficiency that will help Volvo Car Corporation to run their business more competently as well as make it simple for business workers to work together. As the implementation of a cloud based infrastructure will improve communication and coordination between business workers by merging a wide variety of features such as data, reporting and business intelligence tools in a single online platform, which allows business employees to simply produce, share, save, update and deliver their work (Microsoft Corpor

Internet slang, and the effect it has had on traditional language Essay

Internet slang, and the effect it has had on traditional language - Essay Example ranca (Vosloo, 2009), not only replacing English and other languages during electronic interactions, but also invading the everyday speech among them. Netspeak or internet slang has been defined by McFedries as â€Å"the words, idioms and peculiarities of spelling and grammar that are characteristic of online documents and communications.† It began as Instant Messaging Services like AOL, MSN and Yahoo magnetized millions of users that constantly sought to find efficient, shorter and faster ways of interaction, with limited characters on the keyboard determining the linguistic capacity (Shaw, c.2004). The outcome was sentences and phrases abbreviated into words and replacement of characters with others that resemble them for convenience of typing. This led to coining of a synonymous term, ‘leet’, which is a shortened term used for elite and is also written as 1337, similar characters as implied by the definition. Some of the most common ‘words’ are LOL, an acronym for ‘laughing out loud’, and ‘BARB’, which is a shortened version of ‘be right back.’ The knowledg e of Netspeak is now crucial to understanding any conversation that takes place over internet messaging. Another distinguishing aspect of Netspeak is the coinage and use of emoticons or graphical smileys, used to convey emotions and intentions like happiness and anger. As obvious, the reason for hostility against it by intellectuals is random and erroneous use of spellings- often called creative spellings, - grammar and punctuations by users, since it is informal and free of such constraints. This could be explicitly explained by the example, ‘practice b4 u go, k?’ The effects of internet slang on writings have been well-noticed and criticized by teachers and parents alike, with students also admitting its drawbacks. Lee describes them as constant attacks of technology on formal written English (cited in Vosloo, 2009), while Humphry compares its brunt on grammar, punctuations and